Policy styles and norms in Asia: a critical and interpretive reflection
Lead Researcher(s): Piyapong Boossabong; Noe John Joseph E. Sacramento; and Antonio D. Salazar Jr.
Status: Published
Introduction: Policy styles and norms are defined here as the specific characteristics of the policy domain in a particular context. The study of policy styles and norms is dominated mainly by the consideration of the interrelation between the dominant approach to problem-solving and state–society relations (Howlett & Ramesh, 1995). With this conceptualization, examples from the West are provided, such as the German ‘Rationalist Consensus’ style, the British ‘Negotiation’ style, the French ‘Concertation’ style, and the Dutch ‘Negotiation and Conflict’ style (Richardson, 2014). All these are useful to identify the nature of the policy domain in each setting with the assumption that the nature of policy processes cannot be generalized.
Keywords:
- Policy styles
- Policy norms
- Developmental state
- Spirituality
- Communitarianism
- Technological solutionism